The light of knowledge

Part #13: At Tripura, Meghnath meets Sukracharya and dives straight into learning. His first lesson: about electrolysis.

Vaihasaya slowly landed in Tripura on top of a beautifully built palace. The whole city was lit up with electric lights. Meghnath was amazed by this technology.

Below each light was a huge clay pot with copper rods and zinc/iron in the middle. Another thin rod made of tungsten was connected to it with a wire. Looking at these, Meghnath thought the clay pots were similar to what the sages carried. But there was a difference.

As he stepped in, he saw a huge flag pole, below which was another huge clay pot with a similar setup. On top of the pole, he saw a small spark of light.

Longed-for meeting

Meghnath looked at Mayasura and Ravana. The former said, “Ask Sukracharya when you meet him.” They stepped inside the guru’s building and there sat Sukracharya, with a clay pot in his left hand and a lengthy metal rod with its top part split into two (like an antenna), in his right.

Sukracharya: Welcome to Tripura. Looks like Meghanth has many questions. Go ahead, child. Clarify your doubts.

Meghanth: Thank you, guru. Outside, I saw the light, which seems to be different and artificially created. How it is possible? What is this mysterious clay pot that is everywhere?

Sukracharya: The pot is a battery to store electricity. To understand that idea, you must first know about a process called electrolysis. First, tell me what is electricity?

Meghanth: Not sure. All I know is lighting, which we see during rain and thunder, is a form of current or electricity, which is basically “flow of electrons”.

Sukracharya: Perfect… If you can understand flow of electrons and how they exchange among each element or electricity, light, telecommunication concept. To learn this, let me teach you how to separate water. What is water?

Meghnath: It is one part of Pranavayu (Oxygen) and two parts of Udajani (Hydrogen).

Sukracharya: Do you know how to separate them?

Meghnath: No.

Sukracharya: Take some water, salt and take a non-conductive bowl (clay pot, glass bowl, etc). For learning, let’s take a ready-made battery.

When they put salt inside the water and send electricity inside, Meghnath sees bubbles coming out of the negative and positive terminals; with more in the former and less in the latter.

Creating a spark

Meghnath: Hydrogen is coming out from the negative side, and oxygen from the positive side. But, what’s happening?

Sukracharya: This process is called electrolysis; by which a compound/substance like water decomposes or breaks down into simpler substances when current is passed into them. But, for this to happen, there must be some substance which supply ions, which we call it as electrolyte. Here, we use salt (NaCl – Sodium Chloride) as electrolyte.

Meghnath: Guru, I want to learn how to create current and create a spark of light…

Sukracharya: This is just the start. More will follow.

Meghanth begins to try different methods to store separated oxygen and hydrogen in a metal container, as Sukracharya watches with a smile.

The author is the founder and CEO of Vaayusastra Aerospace, an IIT-Madras incubated ed-tech startup that offers Air Science workshops for children between five and 14 years.

Now that you have read a bit more of Meghnath’s fascinating journey, here are some questions from the story. How many can you answer?

Water: The elixir of life

Everyone knows how important water is for our daily life. Check out this crossword to see how many words associated with water you know.

One of the most important requirements for life is water. Around 71% of Earth’s surface is water and around 60% of the adult human body is also composed of water.

Here is a crossword themed around this precious liquid. Find out how much you know about it.

Honouring our history

Take a trip to India’s newest additions to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites List.

Ramappa Temple, Telangana

(Image: Sarah Welch/ CC0 1.0)

This 13th century temple complex in Palampet, Telangana, showcases the craftsmanship of the Kakatiya dynasty that ruled most of eastern Deccan region between the 12th and 14th centuries. Their kingdom comprised present-day Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, and parts of eastern Karnataka and southern Odisha.

Apart from their other achievements like building reservoirs, the dynasty is known for its distinct style in architecture, especially in temples. And one fine example is the Ramappa temple complex, which stands on a six-foot star-shaped platform and has pillars with intricate carvings. Perhaps the only temple in India to be named after its sculptor, the main structure is of reddish sandstone and the columns outside are of basalt. The carvings of mythical animals, dancers and musicians are brilliant examples of Kakatiya art.

The temple complex was built by Racherla Rudra Reddy during the period of the Kakatiya ruler Ganapati Deva in 1213 and it took over four decades to complete it. It is described as “the brightest star in the galaxy of temples” by the famous traveller Marco Polo when he visited India in between 1289 and 1293.

Dholavira, Gujrat

(Image: Rahul Zota/CC BY-SA 4.0)

An archaeological site at Khadirbet in Kutch District, Gujarat, it is one of the five largest sites of the Indus Valley Civilisation and also believed to be the grandest. Discovered in 1967-68, the site is located on Khadirbet island in the Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary in the Great Rann of Kutch.

Initially, Dholavira was thought to have been occupied from 2650 BCE, declining slowly after about 2100 BCE. Recent research, however, suggests that occupation began around 3500 BCE and continued until 1800 BCE.

Excavations have highlighted the urban planning and architecture and Dholavira is believed to have been an a centre of trade between settlements in south Gujarat, Sindh and Punjab and Western Asia. An important discovery was the Dholavira Signboard over a gateway, measuring about 3 m (9.8 ft) in length and contained 10 letters of the Indus script.

Painted black-on-red-ware pottery, square stamp seals, large black jars, a giant bronze hammer, a big chisel, a bronze hand-held mirror, a gold wire, gold ear stud, gold globules with holes, and bangles, shell bangles were among the many artefacts found at the site.

That’s not right!

Challenge yourself to this game of logic and find the one that does not fit with the rest.

Use your keen eye and logic to find the odd one out in each of the 4 sets of images. There could be a difference in their usage, appearance or pattern. Think it through and find the right answer…

Save the Firefox

Slightly larger than a cat and with thick russet fur, Red Panda is a very skillful and acrobatic animal. Watch the video to know it better.

Save the Firefox
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Women at the helm

Women are powerful leaders of change. Their role as leaders is critical to advance gender justice and gender equality and to further economic, social, and political progress.

The number of women who run countries has grown phenomenally over the years. There was a time when Indira Gandhi or Sirimavo Bandaranaike were the front runners in this race. We now have Kamla Harris, the vice president of the United States of America, and Halimah Yacob, the President of Singapore, among the many able women leaders.

In this grid below, can you find the names of the leaders? You have a clue and a picture to get you started.

Green goodness

What are the health benefits of the greens? Find out with this interactive game.

How often have you turned your nose up at palak/keerai? Or a simple cabbage poriyal/sabji? Yes, what grandparents and parents say about these greens veggies is true: they are chockfull of the good stuff and help keep our body healthy.

There are many varieties of greens. Here is a game that features a few. Match the green with its benefits.

Match the music

Do you know where these genres of music came from? Match them with their countries of origin in this memory game.

A game that tests both your memory as well as your knowledge of musical facts — that’s what awaits you here! The below cards contain five popular genres of music and the names of five countries. Can you match the music with the countries they came from?